The pug, native to China and also known as the pug in China, is a charming and elegant dog, officially named “pug” in the late 18th century, which is an ancient word for ghost, lion-nosed or small monkey. The Pug is prone to the problem of backward eyelashes, many head folds, inward turning of the eyelids, and blockage of the tear ducts, with two obvious tear marks.
Latin scientific name: pug
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Subphylum Vertebrata
Phylum: Mammalia
Subclass: subclass True Animal
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Canis lupus
Family: Canidae
Subfamily: Canis lupus
Country of origin: China
Use: Companion dog, guard dog
Size: small dogs
Suitable dog food: Macton
Origin：16th century
Height: 25-28 cm
Weight: 6-8 kg
Personality: loyal, gentle
- Morphological characteristics
The ideal height for a Pug is 25-28 cm; weight 6-8 kg; loyal and gentle personality; strong, square body with a flat, wrinkled face and a pleasing expression. This dog has a good and clean personality.
Morphological Characteristics
Body Type
Height: 25-28cm
Weight: 6-8kg
Head
The head is large, heavy, not arched, apple-headed, with a non-retracted forehead. The eyes are very dark in color, very large, prominent and eye-catching. Spherical, with eyes full of peace and longing. Very bright, when excited, full of enthusiasm. The ears are thin, small, soft and black velvet-like. There are two ear shapes: rose ears or button ears. The latter is more desirable. The wrinkles are large and deep. The muzzle is short, blunt and wide, but not upturned. The bite should be a slight jaw protruding bite. The tongue can only be added upward.
Body
The neck is slightly arched, stout and of sufficient length to allow the head to be held high and proud. The back is short and the dorsal line is horizontal. The body is short and fat, with a broad chest and well expanded ribs. The tail is curled above the rump if possible. Multiple curls are desirable.
Extremities
The forelegs are very thick, straight, of medium length and located under the body. When viewed from the side, the elbow rests directly under the shoulder. The wrists are sturdy, neither overly so, nor downward. The paws are neither as long as those of a rabbit nor as round as those of a cat. The toes are properly separated, with black toenails. Wolf paws are usually removed.
The hindquarters are stout and powerful, with the hind knee joints moderately angled and the fly joints perpendicular to the ground. When viewed from behind, the two legs are parallel to each other. The hindquarters are balanced with the forequarters. The thighs and hips are full and well muscled. The foot claws are the same as the forequarters.
Coat
The coat is beautiful, smooth, soft, short, and shiny, neither hard nor wool-like. The color is silver, apricot yellow or black. The silver or apricot color should be clear and contrast well with other color markings and face color. The markings are clearly outlined. Muzzle or face color, ears, ear margins, thumb spots, diamond-shaped spots on the forelimbs and dorsal markings may be black. Face color should be black.
- Personality traits
The pug’s personality is in stark contrast to his appearance, as he has a long and sweet face plus the advantage of a superb temperament, causing many pet lovers to breed, and when he identifies you as his master, he will become very well behaved. It is very docile, it is usually very lively, very comical look to bring a lot of joy to life.
Pug dogs are born with a warm personality, they are cheerful and lively. And this pet dog is also a very humane dog, they, like humans, also have to go through different stages of growth, so the behavior personality in the later environment will gradually show the differences. Pug dogs want to be cared for by their owners, and they need to be cared for by their owners. Psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and becoming withdrawn, can also surround the Pug.
The Pug can appear to be rather mute and stupid, but this is definitely a misconception given by appearance. The true personality of the Pug is very active and intelligent. His personality is definitely not as dumb and dumber as he looks. The Pug is also a dog with a very high self-esteem and can be very stubborn at times. When they think they are right, they will argue with their owners and express their displeasure in their own way.
The Pug is muscular and looks very fit, with a fierce face, but in fact the Pug is kind-hearted, intelligent, has a good memory, is affectionate, has a cheerful personality, is stable, gentle, lively and playful, and loves to play with children. The Pug is generally easy to train and is best trained by an outsider, but the Pug is very protective of its owner and will bark very hard when approached by a stranger. The Pug has a wrinkly appearance and walks like a boxer. He communicates by grunting and snorting like a horse. At the same time, this dog has a good and clean personality, and these characteristics are the reason for its popularity. In short, he is a dog with personality and softness. He is a good family companion.
- Conservation knowledge
Because the Pug has a particularly individual face and body, it is recommended that in addition to grooming your Pug daily when you have time, his eyes, nose, and facial skin should be checked and cared for daily in the course of daily breeding.
Starting your Pug’s daily check-up routine as early as possible will do no harm – not only will it allow for early detection of diseases and early treatment, but it will also serve as early basic training for your Pug so that he/she can develop a good habit of being checked daily.
The daily routine should not last too long, no more than 10 minutes. Most dogs, especially puppies, get impatient with being fussed with for too long without being able to ‘fight back’ and over time become resistant to being checked. What we should do is to make them realize that a routine check is actually a very good thing, and that they should be rewarded after a smooth check, and if they are well behaved, they should be praised verbally or finish their favorite games with them.
Maintenance knowledge
A. Pug is not heat resistant. Pug is sensitive to high temperatures and should be kept in the shade with plenty of water during hot times, especially in the middle of the summer.
Second, the pug’s flat nose makes them prone to breathing difficulties. So care should be taken to control the amount of exercise, when playing sports with them, once you find your pug shortness of breath or any symptoms of breathing difficulties should immediately stop exercising and playing – pugs are very playful, especially puppies, even if they do not feel well or uncomfortable, if you play with them they will still be happy to persist until their strength is exhausted.
Remember to have plenty of drinking water when you are out and about.
If you have difficulty breathing, try spraying some lemon juice on his / her nose, this will reduce the secretion of mucus in his / her nose and make him / her breathe more smoothly, if not, take him / her to the doctor as soon as possible.
Five, within 18 months of the pug can still be considered a puppy, for puppies should not only avoid excessive exercise, but also avoid some vertical movement or training such as high jumping, climbing high stairs, etc., because at this time their bones are not fully developed, such exercise is easy to make their cartilage injury.
Daily care
Skin disease or scabies. After each bath, brush its fur with a soft brush and dry it with a hair dryer. In the spring and autumn days when the air pressure is low and the air humidity is high, its wrinkled skin is prone to inflammation and mold growth, so move it to a ventilated and dry environment. In the hot summer months when he sweats a lot, he should also be wiped with a wet towel every afternoon, especially to remove dirt from his folds. When the air is humid and the climate is hot, apply some dry boric acid powder to his nose to keep his nose dry and prevent bacteria from growing. Because of the short nasal passage, in the hot summer when the temperature is high, it will have difficulty breathing, and even easy to heat stroke, so we must pay attention to the following points: 1.
1. Do not take it out at noon in the summer heat, and do not let it make strenuous exercise. Walks must be arranged in the morning and evening.
2. Move it to a more breathable and shady place to feed, do not let it give direct sunlight.
3. In the high temperature of noon and late afternoon, if there is cooling equipment, it will be in the environment, appropriate cooling. In the process of feeding, but also pay attention to eye cleanliness and hygiene, due to this dog. Eyes are large and round, dust is easy to enter, so every once in a while to use dilute boric acid water it washed eyes, generally need to wash eyes 2 times a week. Because there are folds above the eye that are easily inverted into the eye, in such cases, the inverted eyelashes should be carefully pulled out.
The Pug is a quiet, well-behaved dog with delicate feelings, a small body and big, watery eyes, and is widely loved by older people. However, his innate physical structure also creates some inherent problems that require careful observation and care.
I. Face care
Pug nose is short, the most vulnerable eyes become the most prominent part of the face, when playing with long-mouthed puppies, must pay attention to protect the eyes, unintentional collision between puppies, it is easy to cause serious injury to its eyes. The eight parts of the face: more folds, tears flowing downward, snot spraying upward, the easiest way to hide dirt. Be diligent in cleaning, turning all the folds over, ventilating, and drying to prevent diseases from occurring. Nose: the short nasal passage will cause it to have difficulty breathing in the summer and after strenuous exercise, so pay attention to heat protection and proper rest.
II. Lumbar spine
Pug’s spinal structure characteristics cause it to be susceptible to disc prolapse, which is common in male dogs from 2.5 to 4.5 years old and in female dogs from 3.5 to 5.5 years old.
Main symptoms: stiff neck, head can not move freely, head to shoulder pain, difficulty in taking big steps, pain in the front half of the body, can not move, do not let people hold, front legs do not hit the ground, difficulty in lying down, hard stomach, can not jump, tail can not shake, hind legs are weak.
Preventive measures.
1. Avoid strenuous exercise. Do not teach your pug to gesture, jump, climb stairs, run wildly, yell, etc. when it is young. Pug that already has lumbar spine problems will be aggravated if the above habits continue.
2. Calcium supplementation. Choose the dog-specific medicine is more effective. If the puppy’s ribs are turned out, the sternum is shifted upward, rotundity, and there are difficulties in changing teeth, you should hurry to give it calcium.
3. often give the dog to eat animal liver can lead to serious calcium deficiency!
Three, other
1. Do not let the pug eat meat and oily food before three months, and take the pug for vaccination after one month.
2. Although the Pug is a short-haired dog, it must be wiped before blowing after giving him a bath, otherwise it is susceptible to skin diseases. Do not bathe him often, twice a month is enough.
3. In spring and autumn, reduce the number of times the pug goes out to walk the dog, there are many infectious diseases. But regular dog walking is very important.
Overall, the Pug is not a very delicate dog, eat dog food, use special pet bathing gel bath and not too diligent on OK.
Pug is naturally a fat dog, so try to control the food he likes to eat, otherwise once the dog becomes very fat, it looks good, cute, but can also cause heart disease.
And because of the short nose and other aspects of congenital reasons, the dog’s trachea and respiratory tract is relatively fragile, so once the cold will cough, the symptoms are like what bone stuck to the same, must be timely medical treatment, otherwise it will leave a very serious sequelae.
Take him to the vet regularly for internal and external deworming. Whether it’s a puppy or an adult dog, deworming and vaccinations are lifelong and should never be neglected.
- Feeding Essentials
The pug’s original appearance gives the impression that it is simple, cute and chubby, the dog is like a child, the fatter the cuter, of course, if your pug does not eat well every day, sleep poorly will certainly be thin, to always have a round muscle and strong pug, the first is not to starve him, followed by a daily diet of adequate nutrition, plus a reasonable exercise.
Feeding Essentials
Puppies need adequate food, but because puppies have poor self-control and are prone to overfeeding, and because puppies have poor digestion, they are prone to indigestion and even acute gastroenteritis or even life-threatening conditions.
Generally, 2-3 months old puppies are fed 4-5 times a day, 3 times a day from April to 8 months old, and 2 main meals above 8 months can be enough, some adult dogs are full on one meal.
To note.
Before and after meals should not let the dog do strenuous exercise, otherwise it will affect digestion;
Feeding food should be careful to remove sharp objects, dogs are different from cats, fish spines, etc. will easily damage the mouth and throat and cause vomiting.
In the developmental stage of puppies to provide adequate protein, fat, sugar, minerals and vitamins. Cooked eggs are the best source of protein for puppies, and milk is best to buy special milk, otherwise the milk consumed by ordinary people can easily cause diarrhea and vomiting in puppies.
Always have plenty of fresh water and change it frequently to keep it fresh.
food utensils should be clean and disinfected.
feeding times and places are best fixed.
The salt in the food should be controlled, never too salty (about 1.4%), otherwise it will cause easy hair loss and increase the burden on the organs, because the dog is extremely sensitive to sodium (Na), 3.7 grams of salt (NaCl) per kilogram of body weight can be lethal.
In short the point to remember is that dogs are different from people and do not assume that what they like to eat will be liked or suitable by dogs.
There are 10 kinds of food pugs can not eat, such as chocolate, the higher the purity of the chocolate contains the higher theobromine content, the greater the danger to the pug. Raw eggs, for example, contain a protein called ovalbumin, which depletes the Pug’s body of vitamin H. Vitamin H is an essential nutrient for growth.
1. Chocolate [can be fatal
The theobromine in chocolate reduces the blood flow to the brain, which can cause heart disease and other fatal problems. The higher the theobromine content of pure chocolate, the greater the risk to the pug.
2. Onions and shallots [Danger
Raw or cooked onions and shallots contain disulfides, which are harmless to humans but can cause oxidation of red blood cells in cats, pugs, sheep, horses and cattle. It may trigger hemolytic anemia.
3. Raw or cooked liver [Danger
A small amount of liver is good for pugs, but too much can cause problems. Because liver contains a lot of vitamin A, it can cause vitamin A toxicity. About 3 chicken livers (or the equivalent amount of other animal livers) a week can cause bone problems.
4. Bones [dangerous
Bones that can break, such as chicken bones, can pierce the Pug’s throat or cut the Pug’s mouth, esophagus, stomach or intestines. Bone marrow is an excellent source of calcium, phosphorus and copper, and chewing on large bones helps remove tartar.
5. Raw eggs [dangerous
Raw eggs contain a protein called ovalbumin, which depletes the Pug’s body of vitamin H. Vitamin H is essential for growth and fur health, and raw eggs often contain germs. Hard-boiled eggs are perfect for him.
6. Raw meat and poultry [dangerous – deadly
The Pug’s immune system is not adapted to poultry and meat raised in captivity. The most common forms of salmonella and bacillus are very dangerous to the pug.
7. Pork (not recommended)
The fat globules in pork are larger than in other meats and may block the microvasculature of the Pug. Avoid pork products, especially bacon, which contains sodium nitrate.
8. Milk [not recommended
Many pugs have lactose disorders. If a pug has farting, diarrhea, dehydration or skin irritation after drinking milk, stop feeding milk. Pug puppies with lactose disorders should consume milk that does not contain lactose.
9. Mushrooms [not recommended ~ fatal
Edible shiitake mushrooms and mushrooms sold in the market are not harmful to pugs. However, it is better to avoid allowing the Pug to eat them, so as not to develop the habit of eating mushrooms and accidentally eating toxic mushrooms in the wild. Of course the chances of this are small.
10. Spices (dangerous)
Seasonings used in home cooking stimulating, strong-smelling food. For example, chili, ginger, pepper, condiments and so on, these pugs should not eat.
